Urolothiasis
Urologic diseases - Symptoms - Diagnosis - Treatment
Description
Urolithiasis is the presence of stones anywhere in the urinary tract . Disease is known from antiquity and occurs in people of all ages and gender .Causes of urolithiasis:
For the formation of stones the following can play an important role:- The concentration of urine ( due to decreased fluid intake or increased excretion )
- Η στάση των ούρων λόγω μειωμένης ή αποφρακτικής ροής
- Inflamation
- Endocrine factors
- Hereditary and genetic abnormalities.
Clinical manifestation:
- Often manifests with severe and sudden pain ( colic ) in the back or side of the abdomen.
- Nausea , vomiting
- Haematuria
- Frequent urination , dysuria
- Sometimes fever and chills ( when there ouroloimoxis )
Diagnosis of calculi
In most cases the diagnosis is based on the characteristics of the patient's symptoms ( colic - Dysuria - hematuria ) and is documented by imaging and microbiological tests ( ultrasound , CT pyelography ) .Treatment of urolithiasis
If laboratory tests suggest a specific endocrinopathy , inflammation etc is targeted treatments against this underlying cause.The treatment of the stone could be:
1. . Conservative (simple monitoring when the stone is small < 6mm and causes no problem
2. Invasive ( Transurethral Fragmentaton of stones, Transurethral Fragmentation of ureteric stones with the use of lasers, extracorporeal lithotripsy , percutaneous lithotripsy etc.).
